Role of Espionage in American History Essay -- American History Spying

Job of Espionage in American History Information is power. It is as straightforward as that. Undercover work is the mystery get-together of data, frequently alluded to as knowledge. Knowledge alludes to the prepared data expected to settle on any choice. This could be utilized for business, military, monetary, or political choices. As a general rule, this term alludes to local or international strategy of a nation. Surveillance is illicit in all nations, yet all nations have some type of secret activities association. The primary secret activities act was recorded 2500 years back. The primary book on surveillance, The Art of War was composed by a Chinese ruler/general Sun Tzu in around 500 BC. There is another kind of secret activities, counter-reconnaissance. This is the assortment of data of any secret activities (Ransom 1). American surveillance is especially significant. It has got us where we are today. Without it, we wouldn’t have passed the Revolutionary War, and our autonomy. From the Revolutionary War to the profoundly specialized universe of today, undercover work in America has consistently assumed a job in molding American history. The Revolutionary War was the war for American freedom. The knowledge gathering capacity of the Americans was not awesome. Foley, the writer of the book Famous American Spies, says that the Americans were exceptionally muddled. They were not extremely mystery either. They held open gatherings in open bars for the network to see. They depended chiefly on the penetration of foe lines and by overhearing people's conversations (Foley 17-18). The most renowned bar was the Green Dragon bar. Foley makes reference to that a portion of the individuals were Sam and John Adams, John Hancock, James Oti... ...stead the CIA power was constrained to simply the U.S. also, its activity was the war on medications and national security (Ameringer 391). America and undercover work, tragically, have gotten equal. Privileged insights are proliferate and paranoid ideas fly in our nation. Secret activities, one way or different, has consistently assumed a significant job in American History. Works Cited Foley, Rae. Acclaimed American Spies. New York: Dodd, Meard, and Company. 1964. Payoff, Howe. â€Å"Espionage.† Encarta. Compact disc ROM. IBM ed.2000. Seattle, WA: Microsoft, 1987-2000 Jeffreys-Jones, Rhodrl. â€Å"CIA.† Encarta. Compact disc ROM. IBM ed.2000. Seattle, WA: Microsoft, 1987-2000 Ameringer, Charles D. U.S. Outside Intelligence: The Secret Side of American History. Lexington: Lexington Books, 1990. Richelson, Jeffrey T. A Century of Spies: Intelligence in the Twentieth Century. New York: Oxford University Press, 1955. Job of Espionage in American History Essay - American History Spying Job of Espionage in American History Information is power. It is as basic as that. Undercover work is the mystery social occasion of data, regularly alluded to as insight. Knowledge alludes to the handled data expected to settle on any choice. This could be utilized for business, military, financial, or political choices. As a general rule, this term alludes to residential or international strategy of a nation. Surveillance is illicit in all nations, yet all nations have some type of undercover work association. The main secret activities act was recorded 2500 years back. The main book on secret activities, The Art of War was composed by a Chinese ruler/general Sun Tzu in around 500 BC. There is another kind of reconnaissance, counter-undercover work. This is the assortment of data of any secret activities (Ransom 1). American undercover work is especially significant. It has got us where we are today. Without it, we wouldn’t have passed the Revolutionary War, and our autonomy. From the Revolutionary War to the exceptionally specialized universe of today, secret activities in America has consistently assumed a job in forming American history. The Revolutionary War was the war for American freedom. The knowledge gathering capacity of the Americans was not generally excellent. Foley, the writer of the book Famous American Spies, says that the Americans were complicated. They were not mystery either. They held open gatherings in open bars for the network to see. They depended basically on the invasion of adversary lines and by listening in on others' conversations (Foley 17-18). The most well known bar was the Green Dragon bar. Foley makes reference to that a portion of the individuals were Sam and John Adams, John Hancock, James Oti... ...stead the CIA power was restricted to simply the U.S. what's more, its activity was the war on medications and national security (Ameringer 391). America and secret activities, shockingly, have gotten equal. Privileged insights are flourish and paranoid notions fly in our nation. Secret activities, one way or different, has consistently assumed a significant job in American History. Works Cited Foley, Rae. Well known American Spies. New York: Dodd, Meard, and Company. 1964. Payment, Howe. â€Å"Espionage.† Encarta. Compact disc ROM. IBM ed.2000. Seattle, WA: Microsoft, 1987-2000 Jeffreys-Jones, Rhodrl. â€Å"CIA.† Encarta. Disc ROM. IBM ed.2000. Seattle, WA: Microsoft, 1987-2000 Ameringer, Charles D. U.S. Remote Intelligence: The Secret Side of American History. Lexington: Lexington Books, 1990. Richelson, Jeffrey T. A Century of Spies: Intelligence in the Twentieth Century. New York: Oxford University Press, 1955.

Night By Elie Weisel Essays (297 words) - , Term Papers

Night By Elie Weisel Life is simpler to take than you'd might suspect; all that is vital is to acknowledge the unthinkable, manage without the fundamental, and bear the insufferable. This statement was said by Kathleen Norris. I imagine that I concur with the statement, and furthermore that the statement was not being mocking. One case of this statement being genuine is in the book Night by Elie Weisel. At the point when the Nazi forces started to assume control over the nation Elie and his family didn't acknowledge the outlandish. They thought they on the off chance that they stayed where they were, that the entire thing would blow over. In any case, they weren't right. His family are sent to a death camp. He and his dad are isolated from his family, and afterward they are compelled to do arrangement of tests in which the is unfeeling in standard society. These tests included, getting shaved, getting drenched with fuel, and remaining exposed to the harsh elements of reality for a considerable length of time with no garments on. They needed to manage the grievous. Another case of the statement was the move Max and Helen. They, similarly as the Weisel family, wouldn't acknowledge the incomprehensible and clear their homes before it was past the point of no return. In this film, be that as it may, Max, Helen, and, Helen's sister were isolated from their folks and sent to a quarry where they needed to work. They needed to buckle down and were beaten, and they needed to hold up under the painful . In the event that these families would've lived by the statement by Kathleen Norris, they could have spared themselves from much anguish and distress. On the off chance that you can acknowledge the unthinkable, you can simply live without agonizing over what will occur. Furthermore, on the off chance that you can shoulder the unbearable, you can get past the extreme occasions, and live for the great. English Essays

Hillary Clinton to Publish Book of Essays About Favorite Quotes Critical Linking, February 2, 2017

Hillary Clinton to Publish Book of Essays About Favorite Quotes Critical Linking, February 2, 2017 This  Critical Linking is sponsored by Caraval by Stephanie Garber. Hillary Rodham Clinton, whose stunning electoral college defeat in the 2016 presidential race has given us our current interesting news cycle, will publish a new book of personal essays she hopes will inspire lots of book-buyers, her publisher Simon Schuster announced this morning â€" or words to that effect. Huzzah! Simon and Schuster, though? Boo. It has been officially announced via Brian Herbert that the upcoming Dune remake will be directed by  Denis Villeneuve. Villeneuve is the Oscar-nominated director of Arrival and Sicario, and  the director of the upcoming Blade Runner sequel. Ohhhh new Dune movie! Now the home of the man who wrote that and the other Pooh stories, A.A. Milne, could be yours. Cotchford Farm,  where  author A.A. Milne wrote the stories of Winnie-the-Pooh, Piglet and the rest  is being sold by British real estate company Savills for $2.38 million. A+ would inhabit. Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Is Marketing Really All That Ethical - 1453 Words

Is Marketing really all that ethical? Marketing has been used as a forefront for promoting the sale of products, and services to customers for centuries. We see examples of marketing every day channeled through mediums such as television, radio, newspapers, product packaging, and massive billboards on the side of the road. As humans, we are naturally wired to fall for the so called ‘next best product’, the ‘intriguingly eye catching packaging’, and the ‘lowest price’. However, what we are not able to see, are the true intentions of the marketer, and whether his/her intentions are ethically sound. To help to maintain a constant appropriate standard of ethical marketing within America and worldwide; the American Marketing Association†¦show more content†¦These ethical values were put in place by the AMA so that no member of the pubic would be at risk of being mistreated in any sort of way. It is however, very ironic that even though marketers are sworn to uphold these ethical standards, â€Å"marketing essentially capitalizes on human weaknesses, uses deceptive and misleading techniques, and cause people to buy more than they can afford.† (Lascu, Kenneth Clow 58) Unfortunately, not every marketer follows the code of ethics mentioned above, which results in innocent people becoming deceived, and major corporations landing themselves into hot water. When it comes to the ideology behind having the â€Å"next best product’, Volkswagens takes the cake. Volkswagen promoted, and advertised its recent 2016 car line up to have an incredible fuel efficiency, and to have decreased its vehicle emissions into the atmosphere to the lowest of any car on the market. However, a scandal broke the news on September the 18th, after the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reveled to the press, that several Volkswagen cars had software installed on them which was able to bypass the testing technology used by the EPA. This technology made sure that each cars emissions level was under the limit of 0.07Show MoreRelatedEthical Guidelines For The Marketing Industry1562 Words   |  7 PagesWhen it comes down to ethical guidelines it is pertinent that every industry have them. However, when consumers think of the marketing industry, they tend to think those are the most unethical people participating in those jobs. Marketing too has some ethic al guidelines, but to what extent are they being followed to have consumers thinking otherwise? Marketing is supposed to make honest claims and satisfy the needs and wants of the customers. It is supposed to develop brand loyalty, to in turn increaseRead MoreProduct Quality1288 Words   |  6 PagesAn essay on: â€Å"Marketing and ethics are like oil and water – they just don’t mix. There is no place for ethics in the cut-throat world of marketing†. Discuss The success of a product is always determined by how well it’s marketed. In that case marketing has an important role in every product that we produce. But when ethics is associated with marketing, it can’t go on one direction. It is like oil and water which does not mix together. What is marketing? Marketing is a societal process byRead MoreCompanies Are Impacted By Competition Through The Price Of Their Resources929 Words   |  4 Pagesin America that dealt with ethical business practices, we can see that America is taking a stand against unethical behavior in business. Organizations such as Enron, has single-handedly destroyed our faith in ethical business practices. This also rings true when discussing ethics as it relates to marketing research. As stated in this week’s Hall Lecture, â€Å"as Christians we have a duty to ensure that marketing intelligence gathering is legal and ethical.† Conducting ethical market research requires usRead MorePest1357 Words   |  6 PagesMacro-environment Identify all the issues you can think of that might impact upon Hotel Chocolat and write them down in the relevant boxes. PESTEL Analysis | Political | * They are providing direct funding and management skills in the Osuben Basin region to launch and maintain sustainable projects to improve the lives of cocoa farmers | Economical | * 5% discount on all products for member of the tasting club * Hotel Chocolat guarantee that they will buy all the quality cocoa that farmersRead MoreEthical Aspects of Marketing1455 Words   |  6 PagesEthical Aspects of Marketing Developing a Business Plan August 4, 2009 Ethical Aspects of Marketing Executive Summary This report outlines the social, ethical and legal aspects of marketing. Environmentally Responsible Products Consumers have become more aware of the impact of both production and consumption on the wider environment in recent years. This is acutely apparent in the way products are now packaged. During recent years many companies have assisted in doing their part for the environmentRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Cutting Edge Marketing924 Words   |  4 PagesCutting Edge Marketing The goal of this paper is to show how a consumer makes decisions to purchase products, how they may be vulnerable with their decision making and how ethics of marketing to the vulnerable be considered in allowing advertisement. This will also clearly reflect the issues in marketing the persistence in our society today and that is seen in the data showing social and economic inequality, stereotyping being perpetuated in the media and incident in profiling. Yes, the consumerRead More2.08 body paragraph Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pagesuses logos by saying that the IPhone 4s has 8 megapixels and all new optics which makes it more than the leading competition.         The video uses pathos by saying siri is an amazing assistant that listens to you and understands you when you need her.         The video uses ethos because it explains that it uses the dual core A5 chip which gives the phone twice as much processing power as its previous model.         Yes, because it uses all three techniques to convince the consumer          InternetRead MoreWhat are Marketing Ethics?1545 Words   |  7 PagesDefinition of Marketing Ethics Marketing Ethics are the basic principles and values that govern the business practices of those engaged in promoting products or services to consumers. These are a set of criterion by which moral principles are considered within the marketing profession and execution of an advertising campaign for a business and/or organization. Marketing Ethics in Global Marketing Practice In recent years, owing to the internationalization of markets, businesses and production processesRead MoreMarketing Ethics : The Moral Values That Direct Marketing Choices And Activities1612 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Marketing ethics are the moral values that direct marketing choices and activities. These ethics try to encourage honesty, fairness and accountability in all marketing advertisements. However, marketing ethics is an especially tough issue because everyone has a different view on what is considered right or wrong. There are certain ways a company can promote their products that come across as unethical. Some of these unethical ways include: using misleading information and deception, usingRead MoreEthics and Innovations in Marketing and Its Relevance with Consumer Behavior1654 Words   |  7 PagesETHICS AND INNOVATIONS IN MARKETING AND ITS RELEVANCE WITH CONSUMER BEHAVIOR Kishor N. Choudhary N.S.B.College, Nanded ABSTRACT: In order to be consumer-oriented, marketing will have to be truthful and ethical. That is why it is very important in marketing, as in any other field; to apply the principles of Ethics It is also important to apply the processes of innovation, to find new ways of marketing effectively. This Paper explains the concept of Ethics in Marketing and overview a number of issues

History Of Pender s Health Promotion Model - 783 Words

Overview of Pender’s Health Promotion Model The Pender’s model of health promotion was developed in 1982 by Dr. Nola Pender a researcher and educator with a background in nursing, psychology and developmental sciences (Alkhalaileh, Khaled, Baker, Bond, 2011). The model’s framework is based in a holistic and multidimensional view of individuals within the constant interactions of their interpersonal and physical environments. The model outlines factors that influence health behaviors by combining the nursing and behavioral sciences. It recognizes behavior as multifactorial phenomenon highly influenced by experiential, cognitive, emotional and social contexts (Alkhalaileh et al., 2011; Pender, 2011). Major constructs of the framework†¦show more content†¦According the Pender’s theoretical propositions, a person needs to believe that behavioral changes have value and will result in beneficial outcomes. Creating a positive view of the behavioral changes increases self-confidence, increasing self-confidence decreases the perception of barriers, and all those together results in an increase commitment and performance of the modification. Finally, the bigger the commitment the higher the likelihood of the behavioral change persisting over time (Pender, 2011). Potential application of the framework to this scenario Pender’s model is an excellent option for this scenario. All the confirmed diagnoses have multiple modifiable lifestyle changes that can be implemented to the care plan for this patient. Empowering the patient to engage in her own care through behavior modifications improves the management of these conditions. The health promotion model provides clinical tools to facilitate the assessment, identify potential difficulties or limitations, and psychosocial context when developing a plan. Since progression and severity of symptoms worsens without medications, the initial step would be to assess her understanding, confidence and emotions regarding medication administration. Pender’s model manual (2011) includes clinical assessment tools to assess her readiness to commit to nutritional and physical activity changes. Among the modifications to consider for this patient areShow MoreRelatedHealth Promotion Of The Elderly1585 Words   |  7 PagesThe World Health Organization defines health as â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity† (W.H.O., 2003). To promote health is a global responsibility that begins with oneself. In order to first achieve personal health, one has to be educated on the aspects of health. Clinicians, more specifically, Nurses can use health promotion techniques during interactions with patients and the population. Health promotion as defined byRead MoreHistoric al Development of Nursing Timeline1181 Words   |  5 Pagesa small hospital. During this time Crimea war was ongoing and â€Å"Nightingale was appalled to learn that the mortality rate for British troops was 41 percent† (Roux amp; Halstead, 2009, pg.5). Nightingale went to the war as a nurse, and the rest is history. After the war, the Nightingale school of nursing was established. ‘Emphasis was placed on the proper education of the nurse, rather than on the needs of the hospital (Roux amp; Halstead, 2009, pg.6). Nightingale published Notes on Nursing in 1859Read MoreThe Major Goals Of Health Promotion1654 Words   |  7 Pagesgoals of health promotion are to help people of all ages stay healthy, optimize health in cases of chronic disease or disability, and create healthy environments† (Pender et al., 2015). This health promotion project is designed to identify and reduce the risk factors associated with several illnesses and disease processes. This project wi ll focus on changing lifestyle behaviors and providing up to date education for the patient to make the best informed decision regarding her environment, health behaviorsRead MoreHealth Promotion Model Of Nursing1353 Words   |  6 Pages Health Promotion Model Amy D. Kramer Point Loma Nazarene University â€Æ' Introduction Nursing theory is important to the profession of nursing as it provides guidance to practice and helps to broaden nursing knowledge. 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Pender, Health Promotion Model 1 In-Depth Theorist Presentation, Nola J. Pender Health Promotion Model Jennifer D’Andrea Description of the theory The Health Promotion Model (HPM), designed by Nola J. Pender, describes the multidimensional nature of persons as they interact within their environment to pursue health while increasing their level of well-being. Pender offers a theory that places importanceRead MorePersonal Health Assessment3441 Words   |  14 PagesPersonal Health Assessment and Health Promotion Plan Abstract The purpose of this assignment is to gain a greater understanding of the health promotion concepts through self reflection. I plan to do this by identifying three self-assessment tools; a food journal, exercise log and sleep log, along with providing rationale for the chosen instruments. I will also address the Transtheoretical Model (TM), which stages I have gone through and which stage I am currently in. These tools and stagesRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoke Related Illness On The United States Essay1810 Words   |  8 Pageslegally over the counter throughout many countries including the United States. The Surgeon General’s Warning, â€Å"smoking causes lung cancer, heart disease, emphysema and may complicate pregnancy† was labeled on the packaging of cigarette boxes in the 1980’s. Eventually, launching a national campaign for smoking cessation. Despite the many laws that inhibit the use of tobacco smoke, these products continue to be a legally obtainable subs tance in the US with devastating damage as a result of their use. Read MoreAccess Care Barriers Within The Correctional Setting2968 Words   |  12 PagesNursing November 2, 2014 Access to Care Barriers In the Correctional Setting Fawcett and Garrity (2009) have described nursing research as â€Å"a formal, systematic, and rigorous process of inquiry used to generate and test theories about the health-related experiences of human beings within their environments, and about the actions and processes that nurses use in practice†. In light of this statement, it would appear that further and expanded research in the area of correctional healthcareRead MoreCardiac Artery Disease And Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty2094 Words   |  9 Pageschief complaint, and pertinent medical/surgical history The patient was a 57-year-old married man living on disability insurance. He was admitted to the hospital with a chief complaint of sub sternal pressure-like discomfort, and pain radiating to the back and upper left extremity, which had started four to five hours before intake. The pain had awoken him. He experienced diaphoresis, also known as sweating, and heartburn. The pertinent medical history revealed a diagnosis of coronary artery disease

Prostitution Should Remain Illegal in Australia Free Essays

Prostitution should remain illegal in Australia. By Alex Dimitrijevic Prostitution is a dark and dangerous industry. Allowing prostitution in Australia will only expand the sex industry, have an increase in child prostitution, damage the health of the women and also be against many women’s wills. We will write a custom essay sample on Prostitution Should Remain Illegal in Australia or any similar topic only for you Order Now In order to prevent these negative changes from happening in our community, the Australian Government should keep prostitution illegal and possible create a stricter law to protect the women and children. Legalising prostitution means that venues such as brothels, sex clubs and massage parlours will be available for men and young boys to attend without many restrictions. These places will be advertised and made to seem ‘okay’ because they are approved by the government, when in fact, they are nowhere near okay. They are areas where women are sold and practically rented time after time. These venues are usually located in hidden, dark areas in order to function secretly but if they were to be legalised they could potentially be near your child’s school, in your local shopping centres or even down the road to you. If you want to keep your children and community safe, prostitution should remain banned. In the prostitution industry the most preferred workers are young pure women. This category falls under young girls usually in their early teens. The high demand of women in the industry will only increase the number of young girls forced to work in these dirty circumstances. It is rare to find young teenage girls willing to participate in selling their bodies and being used by men twice or triple their age but the industry needs them! So they will force and persuade these girls. More terrifying, they will be allowed to, simply because prostitution will be legal by the government that vowed to protect them. Women in the sex industry will be open to sexually transmitted infections by men who demand not to use protection. A study in the US shows that 47% of men expected sex without the use of a condom, 73% offered to pay more for sex without a condom and 45% of women admitted to being abused when insisting the use of a condom. This study proves to us that women in the industry risk their health and wellbeing. They get abused for trying to protect themselves and if this activity was to be legalised then the number of patients with sexually transmitted infections would rise and even lead to deaths. These infections would be passed onto the women and back onto the men who were once clean before any intercourse, those men would probably pass it onto his wife or girlfriend, and the cycle would continue. The health of many would be at risk, not just the prostitute’s. Prostitution is not a preferred occupation by many women. These women are not aware of the dangers they enter in order to earn some money. Many that do enter the industry describe it as their last option. A study shows that 67% of interviewed women did not enter prostitution voluntarily but were forced to. They work in an environment where they are treated like slaves and paid to do as they are told without arguing. They are forced to perform on men who may be sick, abusive, drunk, dirty or simply unpleasant and if they were to complain, they would be beaten. This does not sound like a job they would be proud of or looking forward to going. In conclusion, the law against prostitution should remain illegal and possibly stricter to protect the women and young girls forced to work. If this law was to be changed and this dark and dirty act was to be allowed then we would only see negative changes in our community such as the expansion of the sex industry, increase in child prostitution, damages to the prostitutes and the general public’s health and the increase in women being forced to work. The facts and evidence are there for all of us to see and they can only worsen if prostitution is legalised. How to cite Prostitution Should Remain Illegal in Australia, Essay examples

Tiffany Co. Case Analysis free essay sample

Tiffany Company Tiffany has decided to sell direct in Japan as opposed to selling wholesale to Mitsukoshi and Mitsukoshi selling to the public. In this agreement Tiffany will give Mitsukoshi 27% of net retail sales in exchange for providing the boutique facilities, sales staff, collection of receivables, and security for store inventory. This new agreement exposes Tiffany to the fluctuation in the yen-dollar exchange rate. Therefore, they are considering two basic hedging alternatives to reduce exchange-rate risk on their yen cash flows. The first alternative was to sell yen for dollars at a predetermined price in the future using a forward contract. The second alternative was to purchase a yen put option allowing them to exercise their option only if it was more profitable in the future at the future spot rate. Two more alternatives that we think are appropriate are a synthetic forward using options and a synthetic forward using interest rate parity. We will write a custom essay sample on Tiffany Co. Case Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Furthermore, Tiffany needs to understand the hedging alternatives and determine what, if any, strategy is right for them. 1. In what ways is Tiffany exposed to exchange-rate risk subsequent to its new distribution agreement with Mitsikoshi? How serious are these risks? Tiffany is exposed to foreign exchange risk by selling directly to the Japanese market. When they sold wholesale to Mitsukoshi, Mitsukoshi bore all the foreign exchange risk. Under this new agreement Tiffany is now exposed to the volatile fluctuations in the yen-dollar exchange rate. Since Tiffany is making profits in yen they have to convert the yen to dollars to take back to their home country. Since the yen is thought to be overvalued in comparison to the dollar, the future exchange rate can decrease Tiffanys profits. Also, the extreme volatility in the exchange rate creates significant uncertainty in what the future exchange rate and profits will be if left unhedged. The most important foreign exchange risk facing Tiffany is the operating exposure risk. The other types of foreign exchange risk to be taken into consideration in order of importance are transaction and translation risk. Operating exposure is created by changes in the amount of future operating cash flows caused by an exchange rate change. This is the most important source of future exchange risks and is difficult to hedge. Exchange gains or losses are determined by changes in the firms future competitive position and are real. This risk impacts revenues and the costs associated with future sales and should be looked at long term. Therefore, Tiffany is exposed to this risk; if the yen depreciates against the dollar, Tiffanys will receive fewer dollars. Transaction exposure results from existing contracts that are binding future foreign currency-denominated cash flows and creates a risk to the net present value of the contracts. Tiffany is exposed to this risk because they have agreed to reverse $115 million in sales. Only $52. 5 million in inventory was repurchased from Mitsukoshi in July 1993. Mitsukoshi agreed to accept a deferred payment of $25 million to be paid in yen quarterly over the next 4. 5 years. The remaining inventory will be repurchased throughout February 1998. Translation risk is created by changes in income statement items and book value of assets and liabilities caused by changes in the exchange rate. This risk relates to past activities which already appear on the balance sheet and income statement, therefore this type of risk is not serious because it does not affect Tiffanys distribution agreement with Mitsukoshi. 2. Should Tiffany actively manage its yen-dollar exchange rate risk? Why or why not? Tiffany should actively manage its yen-dollar exchange risk. Tiffany knows they will have a substantial amount of yen cash inflows from their new arrangement of selling direct in Japan. If Tiffany does not hedge this currency exchange risk then their earnings will fluctuate. With the yen-dollar exchange rate being so volatile at this time (even having large changes from month to month), it is the best time to hedge in order to help smooth their earnings and reduce risk. The downside is that options prices are more expensive when there is more volatility. Since the yen is thought to be overvalued there is speculation that it will depreciate in the future compared to the dollar. If the yen depreciates and Tiffany converts their yen at the prevailing spot rate then their dollars received will be decreased. 3. If Tiffany were to manage exchange rate risk activity, what should be the objectives of such a program? Specifically, what exposure should be actively managed? How much of these exposures should be covered, and for how long? The objectives of managing exchange rate risk should not be to bet on currency fluctuations or to try to make a profit on exchange rates. Instead the objective should be to reduce risk associated with operating exposure. By hedging, Tiffany can reduce drastic fluctuates in net income due to currency exchange rate changes. Smoothing net income can help with taxes by keeping cash flows smooth instead of having huge profits followed by a loss. The main objective of managing exchange rate risk should be to decrease volatility and reduce risk. Tiffany should actively manage operational exposure and transaction exposure. The longer exposures are covered the more expensive the option is; therefore Tiffany should hedge short term and then roll their position forward. Since Tiffany has to repay for inventory returned by Mitsukoshi on a quarterly basis they can use their cash flows in yen to repay Mitsukoshi and hedge only the remaining amount. Since the repayment is done on a quarterly basis Tiffany should buy a synthetic forward for three months to match their yen liability. This way, as the economy and outlook for sales changes, Tiffany can adjust their hedging strategy on a quarterly basis and hedge that amount minus their inventory repayment to Mitsukoshi. 4. As instruments for risk management, what are the chief differences of foreign exchange options and forward or future contracts? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? What, if either, of these instruments would be most appropriate for Tiffany to use if it chose to manage exchange rate risk? With foreign exchange options you pay the price up front and at expiration you have the option to exercise. If you buy a call option and at expiration it is in the money you will exercise your option and buy at the strike price. On the other hand, if the call is out of the money you will buy in the market place. This means you are not locked in to buying at a set price, but if favorable you have the option to do so. This is beneficial if you are uncertain you will need to hedge (uncertain cash flow or bid on a contract that you might not get) or if you want to keep the upside potential and do not want to lock into a specific rate. A forward contract is usually cheaper and it locks in the exchange rate to be made at a future date. The downside to a forward contract is that once you enter into it you have to deliver at expiration. This removes downside risk because you are guaranteed that exchange rate, but it also takes away upside potential because you have to deliver at the specified rate. Another alternative would be to create a synthetic forward using options by buying a put and selling a call with the same strike price. This would essentially lock in the future rate at the strike price, the cost of this would be the cost of buying the put minus the money you receive for selling the call (by selling the call you are lowering the cost compared to only buying a put). The last alternative would be to use a synthetic forward using interest rate parity and the given interest rates for the two countries.

Cohen Vs Virginia Essays - Supreme Court, U.S. State, Free Essays

Cohen Vs Virginia Essays - Supreme Court, U.S. State, Free Essays Cohen Vs Virginia is Cohens vs. Virginia, in which the question arose as to the right of the Supreme Court to exercise its appellate jurisdiction over the judgment of a state court involving the validity of state legislation. The contention of the counsel for the state struck at the very root of the judicial system of the Union, with its authority to review state decisions which involved the binding effect of the Federal Constitution and laws: and so to the discussion of this fundamental question Marshall brought his heaviest artillery. In a series of powerful paragraphs he proclaimed the principle of nationalism and the existence of a real union resting on the will and determination of the people: That the United States, he said, from, for many, and for most important purposes, a single nation, has not yet been denied. In war, we are one people. In making peace, we are one people. In all commercial regulations, we are one and the same people. In many other respects, the American people are one; and the government which is alone capable of controlling and managing their interests in all these respects, is the government of the Union. It is their government, and in that character they have no other. America has chosen to be, in many respects, and to many purposes, a nation; and for all these purposes, her government is complete; to all these objects, it is competent. These words give us some idea of the simplicity of the style, the evidence of power and confidence, the eloquence which can raise a judicial opinion into the realm of literature. This decision, emphatically maintaining the appellate authority of the Court and the supremacy of the national law when the law is consonant with the Constitution, left no further ground for legal discussion, though the men of Virginia, fretting under the authority of the Court, poured out their wrath in many word

Memory and Memorials

Memory and Memorials Memory and Memorials Memory and Memorials By Mark Nichol This post lists and defines the words derived from the Latin term memor, which means â€Å"mindful of.† Memory means â€Å"the power or process of retaining things experienced or learned† or refers to something, or all the things, so retained. It also pertains to information stored in a device or the capacity for doing so. Something that is significant enough in some way that it can easily be recalled is memorable (the adverbial form is memorably), while the quality or state of being easily recalled or worth recalling is memorability. Memorial is, like memorable, an adjective pertaining to the act of recall, but it most often refers to preserving the memory of an event or person; the word is also a noun referring to an object (often a sculpture or statue) or a place that serves to do so, or a ceremony or a speech honoring a memory. (In the United States, the Memorial Day holiday honors the memory of U.S. soldiers- originally, Union soldiers during the Civil War- who have died in battle.) Someone or something so honored is memorialized, and the action of doing so is memorialization. (A memorialist is someone who signs or writes a memorial.) The Latin phrase â€Å"in memoriam† (literally, â€Å"in memory of†) is used in English, usually in documents such as programs distributed at a memorial for a deceased person, or on gravestones honoring the dead, though the English translation is often employed. Something that helps people remember a person or thing to be honored can also be described as being commemorative; the verb form is commemorate and the action is a commemoration. Memorabilia, in Latin, denoted notable achievements but in English came to merely describe things worth recalling before its meaning shifted to â€Å"things that aid in recalling.† The word usually applies to souvenirs pertaining to popular culture, such as objects commemorating a form of entertainment or an athletic competition. There is no singular form, so a single object might be referred to as â€Å"a piece of memorabilia.† Similarly, a memento is something that serves to remind one of someone or something; the plural is mementos (though mementoes is also common). Memoir usually applies to an autobiography or biography, though it is (rarely) used to refer to a memorandum or a report. A person who writes a biographical memoir is a memoirist or a memorialist. To memorize is to store information in one’s memory; the act is called memorization. To remember is to place or retain information in one’s memory. Remembrance can apply neutrally to any memory, though it usually has the connotation of honoring someone or something. To disremember, meanwhile, is to forget, while to misremember is to have a faulty memory of something. A memorandum (the word is derived directly from the Latin term meaning â€Å"to be remembered†) is a communication, often in written form, that serves as a record or reminder or that advises, directs, or informs; the plural in Latin is memoranda, though in English memorandums is prevalent, and the word is often truncated to memo (plural: memos). The newest word in this family is meme, coined in the mid-1970s on the model of gene and defined by its coiner, scientist Richard Dawkins, as â€Å"a unit of cultural transmission,† often an idea but sometimes a behavior or style. The definition has since extended among laypeople to encompass amusing or interesting images or videos, often accompanied by audio or by written messages, disseminated through social media. The adjectival form is memetic. Member and other words pertaining to a part or a unit are unrelated. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:85 Synonyms for â€Å"Help†Used To vs. Use To30 Words Invented by Shakespeare

2. Compare and contrast the motivations of a Middle Eastern terrorist Essay

2. Compare and contrast the motivations of a Middle Eastern terrorist organization with those of a domestic terrorist group. What are the similarities and differences - Essay Example In addition, the gravity of a threat passed by terrorist organization or group is dependent on organization or group’s degree of capability and intent. Domestic terrorist groups function usually within and against their nation of residence. The general motivational categories of domestic terrorist group include nationalism, ethnocentrisms, separatism, and revolution. In the context of nationalism, domestic terrorist groups are motivated by national consciousness and devotion as well as loyalty to the nation. The group’s intent can be to split the existing nation or establish a new one that incorporates the alleged national identity. Revolutionary motivation involves group’s attempts to put an end to a conventional order and reinstate governance with a novel social or political structure. Ethnocentric motivation of domestic terrorist group regard racial or ethnic characteristic as major societal defining factor. Furthermore, separatist motivation involves separation from entities or systems through political autonomy, independence, or religious domination or freedom. Separatists promote ideologies such as anti-imperial ism, social equity or justice, and opposition to occupation or conquest by foreign power. The overall ideologies of domestic terrorist group are framed by social, religious, or political purpose (U.S. Department of State, 2007). On the other hand, Middle Eastern terrorist organizations such as al-Qaeda primarily operate in their geographic region and between nations. Al-Qaeda usually operates in multiple countries, and maintains focus for its operations with the co-ordination from a particular region. Al-Qaeda focuses on the value of notoriety because of the resultant spectacular attacks and mass media exploitation. One of the common motivations of al-Qaeda and other Middle Eastern terrorist organizations is the Islamic

Agree or disagree with Lay Off the Layoffs Essay

Agree or disagree with Lay Off the Layoffs - Essay Example One shares similar contentions that despite the apparent justification or rationales of organizations that opt to lay-off employees, the long-term negative effects are immensely significant to overlook. It is commendable to have provided the general reasons why organizations resort to layoffs in the first place. I am sure that members of the board of directors, the executive management team, as well as senior management, have all exhausted strategies, resources, time, and efforts to ensure that their respective organizations would survive the most tediously pressing impact of recessionary effects that impinge on their operations. As revealed, â€Å"the majority of the layoffs that have taken place during this recession†¦arent the result of a broken business model† (Pfeffer par. 4). Therefore, I honestly believe that the people who have direct governance and jurisdiction to ensuring that the organization survives have done their respective extensive and comprehensive research before resorting to the controversial downsizing decision. In retrospect, one would like to take the position of the devil’s advocate in trying to evaluate, despite knowing the costs of layoffs, why would management still opt to decide on downsizing if it would mean the demise of the organization? After taking into consideration the myths in downsizing, one realizes that as the last option to ensure continued survival of the organization in a recession, the effectiveness of even considering this option lies in the manner by which downsizing or layoffs are communicated, implemented, and managed. Not all organizations that downsized failed. In much the same way, not all organizations that should have laid off employees and did not, succeed. The recent hullaballoo regarding Microsoft’s memo signifying laying off thousands of employees had stirred mixed reactions (Roose). According to Foley, â€Å"as a result of the layoffs, Microsoft officials said the

Cultural Context Of Pregnancy And Childbirth Sociology Essay

Cultural Context Of Pregnancy And Childbirth Sociology Essay Childbirth, a universally experienced natural event is uniquely valued as a culturally relatable life experience. While common to all peoples and cultures it is deeply imbedded with significant beliefs, traditions and values unique to each culture. (Rassin, Klug, Nathanzon, Kan Silner, 2009) I will detail cultural variations found in Saudi Arabia with notations regarding how the Muslim religion places a significant influence on the experience of marriage, pregnancy and childrearing. The Muslim religion guides individual behavior in all aspects of life, including relationships between husband and wife, parent and child and between individual and society. Whereas western culture values the individual, independence and self-sufficiency and this outlook pervades all aspects of our society as well as influencing our perspectives on the world around us. By comparison Arabic Muslim societies reject the individual approach as a threat to social structure; sacrificing individuality to mainta in a collective way of life. (Achoui Dwairy, 2006) Historically, the American mans role in marriage, parenting and during childbirth has undergone a reconstruction in the last 50 years. Husbands used to be considered the dominant source of income and power in a marriage, a father functioned as a disciplinarian, in the birthing room a father was relegated to a separate location to wait till the delivery was over. Fathers today are considered partners in the marriage; they take a more nurturing roll in parenting and are considered an integral and vital member of the delivery team. Conversely, Arabian men and women have maintained more traditionally gender separated roles through all aspects of their lives from marriage, childbirth and the rearing of their young. Interestingly, the age at time of marriage is becoming closer between the two cultures, American women average marital age is 26 with mens average age being 27. Arabic women are tending to marry later in life in their early twenties instead of in their teens as the population moves toward urban life with greater emphasis on career. Arabic family life contrasts though with children being supported by their parents well into adulthood as the children mature they are expected to tend to the needs of their aging parents. (Rashad, Osman Roudi-Fahimi) Sexual virtue is highly valued in Muslim communities and there are stringent cultural norms that restrict the sexual and social behavior of women. (Papadopoulos, 2006) Marriage in this culture carries special social status, in particular on the bride as a rite of passage and is viewed as a socially, culturally and legally acceptable sexual relationship. (Rashad, Osman Roudi-Fahimi) Many Arabic couples choose a spouse for themselves although the marriage remains a social and economic contract between the two families. (Rashad, Osman Roudi-Fahimi) Early marriage is still seen, but tends to occur in lower socioeconomic and stricter religious sects or subcultures. There tends to be a wider age disparity between husband and wife the younger the female is in the marriage, with subsequently higher than average birth rates, lower levels of education, greater rates of sexually transmitted diseases and elevated mortality rates during pregnancy and delivery. (Rashad, Osman Roudi-Fahimi) Marriage creates pressure to begin bearing offspring regardless of the society, and here the number of children born to Americans and Arabs differs somewhat as Muslim women are virtually mandated by their Islamic religion to bear children, womens value and purpose is to build and raise a family, with pregnancy occurring earlier in an Arabic marriage often within the first few months. (Papadopoulos, 2006) Pregnancy is fundamentally the same throughout the world, but how we manage care of the pregnant women does differ. The number of women using birth control in Saudi Arabia is on the rise, (Rassin, Klug, Nathanzon, Kan Silner, 2009) yet women often require the permission of her husband for basic health care (Saudi Arabia: Womens, July) severely impacting womens health and ability to decide for herself the care she desires. Arabic women are much less likely to have genetic testing to assess for genetic anomalies or disorders despite the high rate of consanguinity found in the Arabic communities. (Rashad, Osman Roudi-Fahimi) Arabic women tend to not work outside the home during pregnancy and are less likely to have drivers licenses overall. (Rassin, Klug, Nathanzon, Kan Silner, 2009) Educational opportunities regarding pregnancy and the impending delivery are much less available to the Arabic woman as they are more often cared for by their mothers and mothers-in-law throughout their antenatal and post natal periods. (Rassin, Klug, Nathanzon, Kan Silner, 2009) The physical birth experience varies little and is universally regarded as one of the most joyous occasions but the social structures that surround labor and delivery varies greatly. Traditional Muslim deliveries are primarily a female only state of affair and the men are not expected to participate in the experience. (Linda Cassar, 2006) The delivery most often occurs at a hospital with the womans mother or mother-in-law in attendance. Arabic women tend to be more demonstrative expressing labor pain through screaming and crying yet they use epidural anesthesia less often. Almost all Arabic women also breast feed their newborns which may last on average 9 or more months. (Rassin, Klug, Nathanzon, Kan Silner, 2009) Many Muslim cultures have rituals that are used to protect the baby from evil spirits that may include the use of charms, amulets, stones, the reading of verses from the Quran, and the whispering of prayers in the newborns ears by the male family members. Circumcision of m ale children occurs among Arabic families though there is no prescribed time frame as is common to the Jewish faith. (Linda Cassar, 2006) The rearing of young is vastly different from culture to culture; the psychosocial development of children depends on how they are raised by their parents, and by their society. The behavior of the children influences the parents behavior just as the cultural values and norms influences the parents behaviors. Western cultures place emphasis on psychological individuation and tend to appreciate autonomy, fostering independence as the child matures to self-sufficiency. Arab societies tend to be collective and authoritarian, the extended and nuclear family are more important than the individual and the Muslim religion reinforces this collective point of view. Arabian children grow up with values of loyalty and respect for their families and are socialized with punishments to enforce these values, norms and behaviors. The Arab individual possesses an identity that is enmeshed in the collective family identity. (Achoui Dwairy, 2006) Achoui, M., Dwairy, M. (2006). Introduction to three cross-regional research studies on parenting styles, individuation, and mental health in arab societies. JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY, Vol. 37(No. 3), 221-229. Retrieved from http://ipac.kacst.edu.sa/eDoc/eBook/4465.pdf Cassar, L. (2006). Cultural expectations of Muslims and Orthodox Jews in regard to pregnancy and the postpartum period: a study in comparison and contrast. International Journal Of Childbirth Education, 21(2), 27. Papadopoulos, I. (2006). Transcultural health and social care: Development of culturally competent practitioners. Elsevier Health Sciences. Rashad, R., Osman, M., Roudi-Fahimi, F. (n.d.). Marriage in the arab world. In POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU. Washington, DC: POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU. Retrieved from http://www.prb.org/pdf05/marriageinarabworld_eng.pdf Rassin, M., Klug, E., Nathanzon, H., Kan, A., Silner, D. (2009). Cultural differences in child delivery: comparisons between Jewish and Arab women in Israel. International Nursing Review, 56(1), 123-130. doi:10.1111/j.1466-7657.2008.00681.x Saudi arabia: Womens rights promises broken. (July, 2009 08). Retrieved from http://www.hrw.org/news/2009/07/08/saudi-arabia-women-s-rights-promises-broken Selin, H. (2009). Childbirth across cultures: Ideas and practices of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum. New York: Springer Science and Business Media. (Selin, 2009)

The Five Sense Organs in Human Beings

The Five Sense Organs in Human Beings The sense organs — eyes, ears, tongue, skin, and nose — help to protect the body. The human sense organs contain receptors that relay information through sensory neurons to the appropriate places within the nervous system. Each sense organ contains different receptors. †¢General receptors are found throughout the body because they are present in skin, visceral organs (visceral meaning in the abdominal cavity), muscles, and joints. Special receptors include chemoreceptors (chemical receptors) found in the mouth and nose, photoreceptors (light receptors) found in the eyes, and mechanoreceptors found in the ears. Oooh, that smell: Olfaction Olfactory cells line the top of your nasal cavity. On one end, olfactory cells have cilia — hair-like attachments — that project into the nasal cavity. On the other end of the cell, are olfactory nerve fibers, which pass through the ethmoid bone and into the olfactory bulb. The ol factory bulb is directly attached to the cerebral cortex of your brain.As you breathe, anything that is in the air that you take in enters your nasal cavity: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, dust, pollen, chemicals. You don’t â€Å"smell† air or dust or pollen, but you can smell chemicals. The olfactory cells are chemoreceptors, which means the olfactory cells have protein receptors that can detect subtle differences in chemicals. The chemicals bind to the cilia, which generate a nerve impulse that is carried through the olfactory cell, into the olfactory nerve fiber, up to the olfactory bulb and to your brain. Your brain determines what you are smelling.If you are sniffing something that you haven’t experienced before, you need to use another sense, such as taste or sight, to make an imprint in your brain’s memory. Mmm, mmm, good: Taste The senses of smell and taste work closely together. If you cannot smell something, you cannot taste it, either. Taste buds on your tongue contain chemoreceptors that work in a similar fashion to the chemoreceptors in the nasal cavity. However, the chemoreceptors in the nose will detect any kind of smell, whereas there are four different types of taste buds, and each detects different types of tastes: sweet, sour, bitter, and salty.A common misconception is that the little bumps on your tongue are the taste buds. As with all misconceptions, this idea is wrong, too. The little bumps on your tongue are called papillae, and the taste buds actually lie down in the grooves between each papilla. Foods contain chemicals, and when you put something into your mouth, the taste buds in your tongue can detect what chemicals you are ingesting. Each taste bud has a pore at one end with microvilli sticking out of the pore, and sensory nerve fibers attached to the other end.Chemicals from food bind to the microvilli, generating a nerve impulse that is carried through the sensory nerve fibers and eventually to the brain. Now hear this: Sound The ear not only is the organ of hearing, but it also is responsible for maintaining equilibrium — or balance. To maintain equilibrium, the ear must detect movement. To hear, the ear must respond to mechanical stimulation by sound waves. The outer ear is the external opening to the ear canal. Sound waves are shuttled through the ear canal to the middle ear. The eardrum sets the mechanics in motion: 1.When a sound wave hits the eardrum, the eardrum moves tiny bones — the malleus, incus, and stapes — which subsequently move. 2. This movement is picked up by the mechanoreceptors in the inner ear, which exist on hair cells containing cilia between the end of the semicircular canals and the vestibule. 3. When the cilia move, the cells create an impulse that is sent through the cochlea to the eighth cranial nerve, which carries the impulse to the brain. 4. The brain then interprets the information as a specific sound. The fluid within the semicir cular canals of the inner ear moves, and that movement is ultimately detected by the cilia.When the fluid doesn’t stop moving, you can develop motion sickness. The cilia transmit impulses to the brain about angular and rotational movement, as well as movement through vertical and horizontal planes, which helps your body to keep its balance. Seeing is believing: Sight When you look at an eye, the iris is the colored part. The iris actually is a pigmented muscle that controls the size of the pupil, which dilates to allow more light into the eye or contracts to allow less light into the eye. The iris and pupil are covered by the cornea. Behind the pupil is an anterior chamber.Behind the anterior chamber is the lens. The ciliary body contains a small muscle that connects to the lens and the iris. The ciliary muscle changes the shape of the lens to adjust for far or near vision. The lens flattens to see farther away, and it becomes rounded for near vision. The process of changing the shape of the lens is called accommodation. People lose the ability of accommodation as they grow older, prompting the need for glasses. Behind the lens of the eye is the vitreous body, which is filled with a gelatinous material called vitreous humor.This substance gives shape to the eyeball and also transmits light to the very back of the eyeball, where the retina lies. The retina contains photoreceptors, which detect light. Two types of sensors detect light: †¢Rods detect motion. The rods work harder in low light. †¢Cones detect fine detail and color. The cones work best in bright light. There are three types of cones: one that detects blue, one that detects red, and one that detects green. Color blindness occurs when one type of cone is lacking. When light strikes the rods and cones, nerve impulses are generated.The impulse travels to two types of neurons: first to bipolar cells and then to ganglionic cells. The axons of ganglionic cells form the optic nerve. The opt ic nerve carries the impulse directly to the brain. Approximately 150 million rods are in a retina, but only 1 million ganglionic cells and nerve fibers are there, which means that many more rods can be stimulated than there are cells and nerve fibers to carry the impulses. Your eye must combine â€Å"messages† before the impulses are sent to the brain. A touchy-feely subject: TouchThe skin contains general receptors. These receptors can detect touch, pain, pressure, and temperature. Throughout your skin, you have all four of these receptors interspersed. Skin receptors generate an impulse when activated, which is carried to the spinal cord and then to the brain. The skin is not the only tissue in the body to have receptors, however. Your organs, which are made of tissues, also have receptors. Joints, ligaments, and tendons contain proprioceptors, which detect the position and movement of the limbs.

Globalization, Capitalism And The Everyday Essay - 1632 Words

Theory Theoretically this thesis engages with capitalist and neoliberal literature followed by literature on everyday narratives to be able to contextualize consequences of historical and recent developments in the Kurdistan Region (KR), addressed in literature section, and the ways people have been affected by them are connected to the aforementioned topics. In this section, I argue that through the intervention of outside institutions and governments, foreign advisors and experts, and returnees from diaspora, a new politico-economic model begins to emerge, albeit very slowly and takes force in the late 1990s and reaches it apex in the late 2000s. I work towards answering questions such as, how and why this model was implemented and who were the actors, advisors, and think tanks behind it? What are the consequences on everyday experiences for individuals and the collective? These questions will be answered by engaging with ethnographic works and theoretical literature on neoliberalism, capitalism and the everyday. To follow the historical roots of political and economic developments and trace their everyday affects vis-à  -vis ethnographic narratives. To understand how in Kurdistan a small elite made up of local politicians, World Bank officials, economic advisors and class of businessmen have come to test their righteous neoliberal age nda on previously neglected, underdeveloped region. A place requiring development and modern changes, politically but most importantly,Show MoreRelatedThe Reasons For Anti Globalization Protests1263 Words   |  6 Pagesto Al-Rodhan, Globalization is defined as the process of integration across the whole world uprising from the interchange of values and ideas of different aspects including political, economical, social, environmental and cultural aspects. 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Insight Physical Fitness - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2104 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/07 Category Sports Essay Level High school Tags: Fitness Essay Did you like this example? What I Know Physical fitness is a factor that many people in recent years have been applying to their daily lifestyle. Even though physical fitness has been around for decades, it has become much more of a norm and a routine for people, such as myself. Physical fitness has been a drastic impact on my lifestyle for years now. For the longest time that I can remember, I was always overweight and have heard from doctors to lose weight. As I wanted to make a change for myself, I found physical fitness to help me with losing weight. Over the past 5 years, physical fitness has been part of my life. Although there were times I fell off, I came back and have improved from my failures. Over those 5 years, I have dedicated many hours of my time to help myself, and my interest for physical fitness has grown as well. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Insight Physical Fitness" essay for you Create order With the growth in my interest for physical fitness, I personally wanted to learn how to target certain muscle groups and further increase the growth in my muscles. I resorted to YouTube for tips and advice to improve my knowledge. The help from YouTube helped me branch my knowledge into what I know today. I continue to still use YouTube and other resources to keep improving my knowledge. Yet, when it comes to physical fitness though, there is knowledge out there that I still have not read about or learned. What I Want to Know There are many questions and information that I want to learn about physical fitness, but being realistic that is nearly impossible to retain. However, there are some questions that I have interest in learning more information about. Why is physical fitness important to a persons health? How do you add size and strength to your muscles? What are different ways to increase volume to increase time under tension of the muscles? How do you help prepare your body for later phases of training? How do muscle cramps or spasms occur? When should an athlete see a physician for an injury? Finally, why is physical fitness starting to get more popular in todays generation? How I Found My Answers In the first place, when looking to research these questions, I immediately thought of Google. This is because Google is a broad search engine that can bring up information on about anything. Not all of the information that comes from Google is not always reliable. However, Google does have a search section for scholarly articles and it provided me with some answers that were hard to find. I knew that Google was not my only source of information though. With having a broad knowledge of physical fitness, I knew there were also credible sites such as bodybuilding.com and exrx.net. These sites provided me with some information about aspects of physical fitness. While being in CWP 101, we were shown the E. H. Butler Library where we could search scholarly and peer-review articles which assisted me with my research. Knowing all these different sources, I knew that I had a broad area where I could search for information regarding my questions. Answers I Found Physical fitness plays an influential role throughout a persons life. Physical fitness helps people maintain their body, lifestyle, and health. Everyone performs physical activity in order to sustain life; however, the amount is largely subject to personal choice and may vary considerably from person to person as well as for a given person over time (Physical activity 127). The amount of time a person spends during physical fitness plays a role in the attributes that they want to achieve. Physical fitness falls into two select categories, one category is related to health and the other category is related to the athletic ability. However, the category that a person might fall under is going to vary from person to person. The type of category a person falls under can help determine the growth of their muscles. Muscle growth results from time under tension of the muscles. Time under tension is used for strength training and conditioning. Time under tension stresses your muscles out during resistance training. These stresses cause varying degrees of muscle damage, resulting in a recovery process that culminates with an adaptation of muscle fibers becoming desensitized to the aggravating stimulus (Influence of Baseline). The muscle damage that occurs, tears your muscle fibers, allowing your muscles to rebuild new muscle fibers. While the muscle fibers tear, blood is forced into the muscles that you are working out and gives more oxygen to those muscles. Which in the long run helps create new muscle strength and muscle growth. Prior to working out, it is recommended to prepare your body for physical fitness. This will help you give a better understanding of how your body works. A prior thing every person should do before working out is by giving themselves an assessment. In the article Fitness Program it is stated that assessing and recording baseline fitness scores can give you benchmarks against which to measure your progress. Given that you have a prior assessment, it can help you see your starting progress and your end progress throughout your physical fitness journey. Secondly, you should assemble a fitness routine that fits your prior assessment. When creating a schedule you should keep in mind the goals that you want to achieve. By having set goals these can motivate you or keep you on track to where you want to be. Also within a routine make sure to switch things up by trying new workouts. Plan to alternate among activities that emphasize different parts of your body, such as walking, swimming and strength training (Fitness Program). Incorporating different types of physical fitness can keep your body free of the same old routine and also help target new muscle groups that you might have not targeted before. When working out muscles it is not always easy to have things go as planned. Muscle cramps are painful contractions of your muscles and they can last for a few minutes or even longer. There was very little known about muscle cramps in the early 1990s. Until cases started to be recorded. The first few cases that were recorded had to do with heat exposure. The heat exposure resulted from other occurring problems within the body. [H]ot and humid conditions that resulted in substantial loss of fluid from the interstitial fluid space and critical deficits in salt. (The Evolution 6). The hot conditions caused peoples bodies to become dehydrated, causing them the muscle cramps. A way to help prevent muscle cramps is by constantly staying hydrated by drinking fluids. Throughout the duration of someones physical fitness journey, they are likely prone to endure a physical injury. Physical injuries can happen from all types of various reasons, but the chance of knowing you have one is hard to tell at times. In most cases, people do not tend to see a physician, because they generally do not know they have an injury. Knowing when to see your doctor is an important step in this process.However, it is much more difficult to know when to seek help if there is no obvious trauma or if the symptoms dont get in the way of playing (After a Sports Injury). Seeing a physician is an important part of a persons lifestyle, it can assure that they are getting the proper treatment they need. But also ensuring that the injury they may have possibly caused to their body does not keep getting worse, making it a more serious problem for them. There are ways to tell when a person should see a physician due to a possible injury. If a persons symptoms do not go away after treatment at home or a few days of rests, then they should see a physician. A person should also see a physician when there are any unusual conditions during physical activity that affects their performance. It is always better to be safe than sorry when coming to injuries. Every person knows what their body can handle and an injury that occurs from physical fitness should be evaluated by a physician to ensure that everything is normal. On the other hand, people who are not injured, are enjoying a healthy lifestyle that is filled with physical activity. In recent years physical fitness has been increasing among people. This is partially due to the culture we live in today. We have so many influencers, and those influencers portray an image on to their followers. However, there are many other major factors that have grown the popularity status of physical fitness. Physical fitness appeals to all ages, as it provides people with a better state of health. Not only does physical fitness involve activity, but also involves nutrition. Once consumers start thinking more carefully about their dietary decisions, they naturally start thinking about other ways they can enhance their health (The Six Reasons). People who change their diet habits naturally want to adapt and change their lifestyle too. By people changing their lifestyle, they are looking to boost themselves and reduce other health factors that might play a role in their life. Physical fitness will always play a role throughout the society we live in. People will always constantly want to be improving their health, body, and lifestyle. Everyone that does physical fitness will take their own path and find what is right for them. With people taking their own paths we can learn from them and can continue developing more knowledge within the fitness industry. There were many interesting facts that I have found while researching physical fitness. The knowledge that I learned throughout this research will stick with me and continue to develop my mindset. It is amazing how physical fitness interacts with the human body, which catches my attention. Physical fitness will always be a part of my life and will always continue to develop over time for me. I do not know what I would do without it. It helped me be who I am today. Annotated Bibliography After a Sports Injury: When to See the Doctor. HealthyChildren.org, 7 Nov. 2018. I chose this source because it had specifics details on when to see a physician for an injury. I learned that you should take any unusual discomfort as a sign to see a physician. I consider this to be reliable because it is from an organization about health in children. Caspersen, C J et al. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research Public health reports (Washington, D.C.: 1974) vol. 100,2 (1985): 126-31. I used this source because it had information about why physical fitness is important to people. I learned that physical fitness plays an important role in peoples lifestyles. I consider this to be a reliable source because it is a scholarly source and provides valid facts. Fitness Program: 5 Steps to Get Started. Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 20 Aug. 2016. I chose this source because it provided different ways to prepare for later phases of training. I learned that it takes more than just setting a routine to have a decent preparation list prior to training. I consider this to be a reliable source because it is from a popular health hospital. Mangine, Gerald T et al. Influence of Baseline Muscle Strength and Size Measures on Training Adaptations in Resistance-trained Men International journal of exercise science vol. 11,4 198-213. 1 May. 2018 I selected this source because it provided information on how muscles grow and how to gain strength. I learned that it muscle fibers tear to rebuild new muscle fiber, making your muscles stronger. I consider this to be a reliable source because it is a scholarly source and the author has expert knowledge in this field. Midgley, Ben. The Six Reasons The Fitness Industry Is Booming. Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 26 Sept. 2018. I used this source because it provided me with information on why physical fitness is becoming more popular. I learned that physical fitness is growing more in todays society due to influencers and the persons desires. I consider this to be a reliable source because it is a magazine company that facts check their sources. Miller, Kevin C. The Evolution of Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramp Research ACSMs Health Fitness Journal, January 2018 I selected this source because it provided information muscle cramps come to be. I learned that muscle cramps occur due to dehydration of the muscles. I consider this to be a reliable source because it is a scholarly source and this is not the authors first time to publish an article in a fitness journal.